11 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
pressure - Normal/low ... - Absent Serum ... albumin - Low ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Ascites Differential Diagnosis Table - Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG)

SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 • Cirrhosis
 • Portal
Ascites Differential Diagnosis ... Table - Serum Ascites ... < 1.1: • Nephrotic ... #Table #Serum # ... #hepatology
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
Serum Ascites Albumin ... Gradient (SAAG) ... Mixed ascites" Low ... without cirrhosis - Nephrotic ... #hepatology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
algorithm Urine Na+K / serum ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
: • Low serum IgG ... 300 mg/dL) • Low ... DDX - Other causes ... hypogammaglobulinemia: • Nephrotic ... hypogammaglobulinemia #immunology #hematology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Most cases diagnosed ... Nephrolithiasis • Metabolic ... Phosphatase: • Other causes ... • Elevation of serum ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
in monitoring low-level ... expensive Serum ... infections are common causes ... testing #workup #diagnosis ... #nephritic #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
in monitoring low-level ... infections are common causes ... disease #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology ... #nephrotic #nephritis
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
Discontinuation of causal ... ulcers, Lupus nephritis ... sle #comparison #table ... #rheumatology # ... diagnosis #management
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table