18 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis ... Renal Causes of ... - Acquired: Medications ... #differential # ... #nephrology #magnesium
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hypercalcemia, Hypermagnesemia ... Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
Approach to Hypomagnesemia ... urine magnesium x serum ... #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
- Insidious Edema ... - Absent Serum ... Onset - Abrupt Edema ... - Present Serum ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypomagnesemia - ... Renal Loses - Medications ... #Differential # ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... Hyponatremia, Hypomagnesemia ... #neurology
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia ... Topiramate Hypomagnesemia ... #Medications #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
obtain the desired serum ... Side Effects: Edema ... Side Effects: Hypomagnesemia ... #Hyperkalemia #medications ... #pharmacology #table
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... including laxative, enema ... #Hypokalemia #Causes ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... transfusion • HTN and edema ... Medications 2. ... #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology