15 results
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Syndrome and Nephritic ... Syndrome == Nephrotic ... - Insidious Edema ... - Absent Serum ... #Syndrome #Nephritic
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... Nephrotic yndrome—podocyte ... hyperlipidemia edema ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
): - Albumin excretion ... progressive kidney disease ... proteinuria with edema ... syndrome ... classification #CKD #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal Excretion ... , and nephrotic ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Clarkson’s Disease - Capillary leak syndrome
Epidemiology: Roughly 150 published cases, Median age 50 years, No sex
Capillary leak syndrome ... 150 published cases ... pain, Diffuse edema ... urine protein excretion ... risk of pulmonary edema
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
• Jaundice • Edema ... • Budd-Chiari syndrome ... Irritable bowel syndrome ... • Necrotic bowel ... Differential #Diagnosis #gastroenterology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... Calculate serum ... demyelination syndrome ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #management #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
transfusion • HTN and edema ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Impaired Renal Excretion ... • Addison’s disease ... potassium #high #nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Shock, Autoimmune disease ... epilepticus Treatment ... the underlying cause ... • Treatment of ... with AEDs until cause
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... myopathies - Excess exertion ... disease 2. ... Diagnosis #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology