21 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
water retention 1) Serum ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... 4) Serum Uric Acid ... salt wasting By Rachel ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Fractional Excretion of Sodium - FENa
Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) = (Urine Na+ x Serum Cr)
Fractional Excretion of Sodium ... = (Urine Na+ x Serum ... Cr) / (Serum Na ... etiologies FEurea > 2% ... #nephrology #calculation
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... history Step #2 ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
expensive Serum ... Serum or urine for ... cryoglobulinemias (types 2 ... #testing #workup ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
less expensive 2) ... Serum albumin - ... Serum or urine for ... #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... Hyperalimentation 2. ... normal Type 2: ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... renal mechanism 2) ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Pump - Digoxin works ... increase. 2) The ... increase, the Na+2/ ... Ca+2 exchanger compensates ... entering the cell, serum
Ascites - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Paracentesis studies: cell count + differential, albumin, protein, culture
 • Serum-ascites-albumin-gradient
protein, culture • Serum-ascites-albumin-gradient ... (SAAG): > 1.1 g ... Secondary Peritonitis: 2+ ... cardiac ascites 1) Sodium ... caloric intake 2)