23 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... lesion • CNS infection ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... : Serial negative ... #Endocarditis #comparison ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Optica (NMO) - Clinical ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... (e.g. oculomotor ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... with the same symptoms ... of sinus or ear infection ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... headache #redflags #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... hypertension and signs ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Infarction - Infection ... (e.g., poliovirus ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... Upper motor neuron symptoms
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Neurological symptoms ... Diagnosis: • Infection ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
, r/o infection ... recent DAN) • EMG ... or serologies + symptoms ... Goodpasture's cause ... blood retum in serial
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
renal failure Clinical ... of diagnosis (e.g ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs ... #Symptoms
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
requires special media ... antimicrobials, clinical ... but important causes ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... special stains (e.g