15 results
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... closure glaucoma • Loss ... #signs #symptoms ... #clues #differential
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... lyme • Altered mental ... • Meningeal signs ... lesion • CNS infection ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
associated with infection ... 10%) • Otitis media ... following symptoms: headache ... gland tumor Clues ... Otalgia #Ear #Pain #Otology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Causes of spinal ... Infarction - Infection ... (e.g., poliovirus ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... of sinus or ear infection ... parasitic or fungal infection ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... #redflags #signs
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Short-lived (typically less ... history of viral infection ... (Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
include a: • Neurologic ... Infection or cancer ... disruption ○ Otitis media ... II ○ Susac’s syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #otology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Disorders: • Infection ... Risk factors for BAH ... fever • Weight loss ... skin might be a clue ... Administer 250 mcg
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
characterized by: • Headache ... status • Headache ... may precede the neurologic ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... Age less than 30 ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders