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Echocardiogram and POCUS Cardiology Windows and Anatomy
 • Parasternal Long Axis (PLAX)
 • Subcostal 4 Chamber
Subcostal 4 Chamber (S4C ... Apical 4 Chamber (A4C
Fine Ventricular Fibrillation on POCUS Echocardiogram (S4C) with Saline Contrast
POCUS may help you to spot fine
Echocardiogram (S4C ... Echocardiogram #s4c
Massive Pericardial Effusion on Echocardiogram

I recently saw the largest pericardial effusion of my life. Something out
POCUS #Clinical #S4C
CAVITY – a useful mnemonic for the causes of a cavitating lung mass.

C = cancer
most frequently SCC ... most frequently SCC
Cavity Mnemonic for Cavitary Pulmonary Lesions:
C: cancer 
 - bronchogenic carcinoma: most frequently squamous cell carcinoma
cell carcinoma (SCC ... most frequently SCC
Confirmation that central line is placed on the venous side by visualizing echogenic air bubbles in
#criticalcare #S4C
Ascites, pericardial effusion, and left pleural effusion on subcostal 4-chamber POCUS echocardiogram

Subcostal window in SLE patient.
pericardial #effusion #s4c
Liver Mass Differential Diagnosis
Solid:
 • Benign: Hepatic Hemangioma, Focal nodular hyperplasia, Hepatocellular adenoma, Regenerative nodules
 •
Cystadenocarcinoma, Primary SCC
Causes of SVC Syndrome - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Benign (15-40%): Thrombosis (aka catheter-associated), Goiter, Fibrosing
Causes of SVC Syndrome ... Malignant (60-85%): SCLC ... Medicine @SCVMCMed #SVC
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Tumors: Lung, SCC