414 results
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes ... dissection, Myasthenia gravis ... Thyroid myopathy (Graves
Hypersensitivity: Summary
Type I Hypersensitivity:
 • Immunological Mediator: lgE
 • Immunological Target: Allergen Molecules
 • Ex: Antibiotic
reaction, Myasthenia Gravis ... , Graves' Disease ... glomerulonephritis, Serum
Hydroxychloroquine Serum Measurement in SLE
 • Terminal elimination half-life = 40 days ([HCQI reflects long-term intake)
Hydroxychloroquine Serum ... reflects long-term ... suspected) • In case ... • Special cases ... Hydroxychloroquine #HCQ #Serum
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... : Most Common Causes ... Tuberculosis: can cause ... sodium • ↑ Serum ... - Check Serum
Causes of Female and Male Infertility - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Causes of Female Infertility:
 • Uterus -
Causes of Female ... Diagnosis Algorithm Causes ... Hypopituitarism Causes ... Testicular - (Sperm ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Differential diagnoses for the neuro-ophthalmologic finding of diplopia.
Neoplastic: 
 • Intraorbital meningioma 
 • Pituitary adenoma
• Myasthenia gravis ... lesion of MLF) • Graves ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Proximal Muscle Weakness That May Mimic Inflammatory Myopathy
 • Central or peripheral neurologic disease
Causes of Proximal ... • Myasthenia gravis ... #differential #causes
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
for intracranial masses ... a mass as the cause ... • Myasthenia Gravis ... • Myasthenia Gravis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hydronephrosis Grading
Grade I - Pelviectasis 
Grade II - Caliectasis (Major Calyces)
Grade III - Caliectasis (Minor Calyces)
Grade
Thinning - POCUS ... Hydronephrosis #Grading #grades ... radiology #ultrasound #pocus
Oropharyngeal and Esophageal Causes of Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
 • Neuromuscular causes: CVA/CNS tumor/ALS, Parkinson's,
and Esophageal Causes ... Neuromuscular causes ... Parkinson's, Myasthenia gravis ... • Structural causes ... Neuromuscular causes