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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Summary

GERD: Diagnosis
• Heartburn (substernal burning sensation) and acid regurgitation
• Chest pain
Extraesophageal
Reflux Disease (GERD ... ) - Summary GERD ... chronic cough GERD ... • Refractory GERD ... foods: caffeine, spicy
Causes of Nausea and Vomiting - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone/Area Postrema:
 • Drugs:
	- Chemo agents
	-
Uremia - DKA - Hypercalcemia ... Gastritis/PUD/GERD
Scaphoid Fractures
The scaphoid is the most commonly fractured carpal bone. Remember, if a fracture is suspected
home in a thumb spica ... Splint: Thumb spica ... Orthopedics #Sports #MSK
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
Splint: Thumb spica ... Orthopedics #Sports #MSK
ROLANDO FRACTURE 
Rolando fracture is an intraarticular three-part fracture of the base of the first metacarpal
Splint: Thumb spica ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Potassium Electrolyte Repletion
If patient also has hypomagnesemia, replete magnesium before repleting potassium
Oral:
 • Pills (ask pharmacy
Oral: • Pills (ask ... Repletion #management #hypokalemia
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
An acute, life-threatening condition that appears within 7 days of starting cytotoxic therapies in
6L/day) • For hyperkalemia ... otherwise treat with "hyperkalemia ... Walid Malki, MD, MS
BENNETT FRACTURE 
Bennett fracture is an intraarticular two-part fracture of the ulnar side of the base
Splint: Thumb spica ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Algorithm for Acute ED Management of Excited Delirium 

Pearls for Appropriate Restraint:
- 1 person for each
with oxygen as a spit ... mask to ensure
Efficacy of lifestyle interventions for GERD
Weight loss:
 - Improvement of GERD symptoms and esophageal pH
 -
interventions for GERD ... Improvement of GERD ... with nocturnal GERD ... chocolate, caffeine, spicy ... interventions #GERD