1387 results
POCUS - Measuring Cardiac Output
1) Calculate LVOT Area
2) Calculate LVOT VTI
3) Calculate Cardiac Output

SV = (LVOT
Measuring Cardiac Output ... Calculate Cardiac Output ... SV = (LVOT Area ... CO (mL/min) = SV ... Pocus101 #Cardiac #Output
Stroke Volume & Cardiac Output Measurement on POCUS
Accurately measure LVOT diameter:
1. Obtain PLAX 
2. Zoom to
Volume & Cardiac Output ... LVOT Diam/2) 2 SV ... Volume #Cardiac #Output
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

Average arterial pressure throughout one cardiac cycle, systole, and diastole. 
Surrogate indicator of
MAP = [Cardiac Output ... Cardiac output ( ... Stroke Volume (SV ... increasing cardiac output ... cardiacoutput #Co #SV
Normal urine output 
- 0.5 to 1.5 cc/kg/hour 
- A patient should be urinating at least
Normal urine output ... Decreased urine output ... minimal urine output ... adults #urine #output
Decompensated Heart Failure Management Strategies

Wet (volume overloaded) vs Dry (euvolemic) and Cold (low cardiac output) vs
Cold (low cardiac output ... normal cardiac output
Decompensated Heart Failure Classification
Wet (volume overloaded) vs Dry (euvolemic) and Cold (low cardiac output) vs Warm
Cold (low cardiac output ... normal cardiac output
Orthostatic Hypotension Management Algorithm
 • Hypovolemic?  Yes → Resuscitate
 • Volume Overloaded? No → Fludrocortisone
increases cardiac output ... increases cardiac output ... Management #Algorithm #treatment
Hepatorenal Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Who gets HRS?
 • Decompensated cirrhosis
 • Typically with existing
infection Mainstay of treatment ... ß1 (↑ cardiac output ... Maintains cardiac output ... Diagnosis #Management #treatment
Differential Diagnosis: Cyanosis - Mnemonic "COLD PALMS"
Peripheral cyanosis 
• Cold 
• Obstruction 
• LVF and shock
Decreased cardiac output
Approach to Oliguria 
Oliguria (urine output <0.3-0.5 cc/kg IBW) 

- Dr. Josh Farkas @PulmCrit

#Oliguria #Diagnosis #Management
Oliguria (urine output