10 results
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
encephalitis, SAH ... closure glaucoma, SAH ... Hypertension with normal heart ... intracranial pressure, SAH ... subhyaloid hemorrhage, SAH
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH ... - History of SAH ... Family history of SAH ... #redflags #signs
Mydriasis and Miosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Causes of Mydriasis:
Dilated pupils (mydriasis) more than 7mm
 • Unilateral
pupil, Migraine Headache ... response, Serotonin syndrome ... Miosis: Horner's syndrome ... Organophosphates, Nicotine, Heat ... Robertson pupils), DM, SAH
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... lumbar spine Signs ... Note: Surgical Emergency ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... sensations - Headache ... Stroke: EMERGENCY ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
C" (common for causes ... : • SAH (Thunderclap ... ESR ↑) • HTN emergency ... N Neurological signs ... confusion, focal signs
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Head trauma - Symptoms ... shortly after head ... and 67% had headache ... Syndrome usually ... varying neurologic signs
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... symptoms are not caused ... anterior/posterior MSK ... , heart (2-5%), ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Modified dengue severity classification, PAHO/WHO
Dengue without warning signs - DNWS:
 • Person who lives or has
without warning signs ... Headache/ retro-orbital ... and no apparent focus ... Severe dengue - SD ... mental state), heart
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) - Pathophysiology 
Excessive fear of one or more social situations
 • Safety
Anxiety Disorder (SAD ... Blushing, trembling, heart ... cold flashes, headaches ... BehavioralDisorder #SAD ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs