11 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
lesions • 80% with lung ... , may also see skin ... Sarcoidosis • Neuro Behcets ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
injury) • Neurologic ... meningitis), MCC CNS symptoms ... disease) Differential ... diagnosis #management #signs ... #symptoms #rheumatology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
history of viral infection ... Méniére's disease ... Long symptom-free ... signs or symptoms ... Vertigo #Causes #differential
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: Strong sign ... , neurologic, and ... • Progressive symptoms ... vasculitis • Behcet
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
osteomyelitis or skin ... yeast • At risk: AIDS ... change in the lungs ... Mouth, throat, skin ... nails, bronchi, lungs
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... in HIV - Differential ... • CT: Halo sign ... Constitutional symptoms ... #AIDS #pulmonary
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... Infections: - ... - Sarcoidosis, Behcet ... disease - SLE ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Vasculitides - Differential ... VASCULITIS: • Behçet ... to exclude are infections ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: strong sign
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
• Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... disease - Sjogren ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... systemic sx + signs ... very remarkable w/differential ... vasculitis vs infection ... required due to skip