4074 results
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
impaired NH4+ secretion ... Distal #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Intake • Reduced Excretion ... potassium with reduced excretion ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology
Fractional Excretion of Sodium - FENa
Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) = (Urine Na+ x Serum Cr)
Fractional Excretion ... FENa Fractional Excretion ... FENA #Fractional #Excretion ... #Sodium #nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
1 - Failure of secretion ... classification #nephrology
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Summary
 - Diagnosis
 - Clinical Workflow
 - PPIs
 - Treatment
 - Acid
Treatment - Acid Secretion ... gastroenterology #diagnosis #management
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
that urine sodium excretion ... and fractional excretion ... AcuteKidneyInjury #Nephrology
Interpreting Kidney Biomarkers

↑ Creatinine: 
 • AKI, CKD
 • Medications that lead to nephroprotective ↓ in
renal tubular secretion ... diagnosis #laboratory #nephrology
Diagnosis and Management of Hyponatremia

#Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Differential #Diagnosis #Management #Nephrology

** GrepMed Recommended Text: Nephrology Secrets -
Diagnosis and Management ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Gastric Acid Secretion - Pathophysiology
Chief cell - Pepsinogen
Parietal cell - Acid, Intrinsic factor
G cell - Gastrin
Inhibitors:
Gastric Acid Secretion ... Phases of acid secretion ... Gastric #Acid #Secretion
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
bicarbonate Potassium excretion ... #Hyperkalemia #management ... #potassium #nephrology