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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
-
basis of HRCT findings ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #CTChest #LowAttenuation ... Differential #Diagram #Comparison ... Emphysema #SignetRing #RadiologyAssistant
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS correlation in normal lung, pulmonary congestion, rheumatoid lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Notes: (A)
, pulmonary congestion ... fibrosis. ... normal interlobular septa ... #Clinical #Diagnosis ... Correlation #Table #ILD #Findings
Septal thickening
Thickening of the lung interstitium by fluid, fibrous tissue, or infiltration by cells results in
Thickening of the lung ... interstitium by fluid, fibrous ... a predominant finding ... #HRCT #CTChest ... #Differential #RadiologyAssistant
Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
The key findings in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis are:
Mosaic pattern with areas of ground-glass atenuation
pneumonitis The key findings ... Additionally there is septal ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CTChest # ... #RadiologyAssistant
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
responses of the lung ... combinations of fibrosis ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #CTChest #Idiopathic ... #RadiologyAssistant
Differential diagnosis of Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis. 
On the left multiple diseases showing septal thickening:
1. Lymphangitic carcinomatosis: irregular
diseases showing septal ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... #Differential #Comparison ... #Table #RadiologyAssistant
UIP with honeycombing (left) and chronic HP (right)
Differential diagnosis of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis.
Subacute stage:
- RB-ILD: seen in
very similar HRCT findings ... throughout the whole lung ... #Clinical #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #CTChest ... #UIP #Comparison
Reticular pattern 
1. Lymphangitic carcinomatosis: irregular septal thickening, usually focal or unilateral 50% adenopathy', known carcinoma.
2.
edema: incidental finding ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #HRCT #CTChest ... Reticular #Pattern #Comparison ... #Table #RadiologyAssistant
On the left we see focal irregular septal thickening in the right upper lobe in a
focal irregular septal ... lesion in the left lung ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CTChest #SeptalThickening ... Carcinomatosis #RadiologyAssistant
Ground-glass opacity is nonspecific, but highly significant finding since 60-80% of patients with ground-glass opacity on
highly significant finding ... the cases the lung ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CTChest #GroundGlass ... #GGO #RadiologyAssistant