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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
-
on the basis of HRCT ... findings. ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #CTChest #LowAttenuation ... Differential #Diagram #Comparison
Septal thickening
Thickening of the lung interstitium by fluid, fibrous tissue, or infiltration by cells results in
Thickening of the lung ... with interstitial lung ... a predominant finding ... #HRCT #CTChest ... #Differential #RadiologyAssistant
Reticular pattern 
1. Lymphangitic carcinomatosis: irregular septal thickening, usually focal or unilateral 50% adenopathy', known carcinoma.
2.
edema: incidental finding ... in HRCT, smooth ... #CTChest #Reticular ... #Pattern #Comparison ... #Table #RadiologyAssistant
Perilymphatic distribution
Perilymphatic nodules are most commonly seen in sarcoidosis.
They also occur in silicosis, coal-worker's pneumoconiosis and
and the nodular septal ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #HRCT #CTChest ... #Differential #RadiologyAssistant
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS correlation in normal lung, pulmonary congestion, rheumatoid lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Notes: (A)
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS ... , pulmonary congestion ... normal interlobular septa ... Clinical #Diagnosis #HRCT ... #Table #ILD #Findings
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
responses of the lung ... on HRCT and histology ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #CTChest #Idiopathic ... #RadiologyAssistant
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
about imaging findings ... in interstitial lung ... is interstitial lung ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #Differential #RadiologyAssistant
Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
The key findings in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis are:
Mosaic pattern with areas of ground-glass atenuation
pneumonitis The key findings ... The HRCT shows a ... Additionally there is septal ... Radiology #CXR #CTChest ... Chronic #Fibrosis #RadiologyAssistant
Differential diagnosis of Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis. 
On the left multiple diseases showing septal thickening:
1. Lymphangitic carcinomatosis: irregular
diseases showing septal ... Cardiogenic pulmonary ... #CTChest #LymphangiticCarcinomatosis ... #Differential #Comparison ... #Table #RadiologyAssistant
Algorithm for nodular pattern
The algorithm to distinguish perilymphatic, random and centrilobular nodules is the following:
- Look
along interlobular septa ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #HRCT #CTChest ... Differential #Algorithm #RadiologyAssistant