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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
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on the basis of HRCT ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... LowAttenuation #Differential ... #Diagram #Comparison ... Emphysema #SignetRing #RadiologyAssistant
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS correlation in normal lung, pulmonary congestion, rheumatoid lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Notes: (A)
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS ... fibrosis. ... normal interlobular septa ... artifact); (G) UIP pattern ... Clinical #Diagnosis #HRCT
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
Differential diagnosis ... in interstitial lung ... is interstitial lung ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... RadiologyAssistant
Perilymphatic distribution
Perilymphatic nodules are most commonly seen in sarcoidosis.
They also occur in silicosis, coal-worker's pneumoconiosis and
and the nodular septal ... the reticular pattern ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #HRCT #CTChest ... #RadiologyAssistant
Septal thickening
Thickening of the lung interstitium by fluid, fibrous tissue, or infiltration by cells results in
Thickening of the lung ... interstitium by fluid, fibrous ... cells results in a pattern ... #HRCT #CTChest ... #RadiologyAssistant
Ground-glass opacity
Ground-glass opacity (GGO) represents:
- Filling of the alveolar spaces with pus, edema, hemorrhage, inflammation or
resolution of the HRCT ... or interstitial lung ... in ground glass pattern ... #GroundGlass #Differential ... #RadiologyAssistant
Reticular pattern 
1. Lymphangitic carcinomatosis: irregular septal thickening, usually focal or unilateral 50% adenopathy', known carcinoma.
2.
Reticular pattern ... Cardiogenic pulmonary ... incidental finding in HRCT ... #Comparison #Table ... #RadiologyAssistant
Algorithm for nodular pattern
The algorithm to distinguish perilymphatic, random and centrilobular nodules is the following:
- Look
along interlobular septa ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #HRCT #CTChest ... MultipleNodules #Nodules #Differential ... #Algorithm #RadiologyAssistant
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
combinations of fibrosis ... have specific patterns ... morphologic findings on HRCT ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... ILD #Findings #RadiologyAssistant
The distribution of nodules shown on HRCT is the most important factor in making an accurate
, interlobular septa ... structures of the lung ... Diagnosis #Radiology #Pulmonary ... Perilymphatic #Comparison ... #Diagram #RadiologyAssistant