11 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary ... ChlorideCl- ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... Algorithm #causes #urinary
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Liddle syndrome #Primary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Urinary #Chloride ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... intake, Diuretics ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... High Al, Low R - Primary ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... intake, Diuretics ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
with thiazide diuretic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Surreptitious diuretic ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... ), Primary hyperaldosteronism ... use), Gitelman's ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
mEq/g suggests urinary ... ↑ Aldosterone: Primary ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... : Emesis, Diuretics ... #potassium #nephrology