30 results
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... mmol creatinine) High ... #hypokalemia ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Intracellular Shift ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... causes #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
associated with hypokalemia ... - Shift from extracellular ... - Insulin (high ... renal Fanconi syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
An acute, life-threatening condition that appears within 7 days of starting cytotoxic therapies in
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... ) occur in high ... malignancies Treatments ... with Ca only if EKG ... #Tumor #Lysis #Syndrome
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Compartment syndrome ... or compartment syndrome ... Shift of extracellular ... per day until stable ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... potassium and ECG ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #potassium #high ... management #algorithm #treatment
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Intracellular Shift ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... causes #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Potassium Binders for Management of Hyperkalemia
 • SPS - Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
 • Patiromer (veltassa)
 •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... Binders #Management #Hyperkalemia ... #treatment #pharmacology ... #table #comparison ... #nephrology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
immature blasts and high ... organ damage • Treatment ... Spontaneous if high ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... unless worrisome EKG