62 results
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Emergency Management ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... Gluconate IV Shift ... Prevention - Consider cause ... #management #algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia results from abnormal losses, transcellular shifts, or insufficient intake (Table 1).6–8 Abnormal losses
Causes of Hypokalemia ... transcellular shifts ... insufficient intake (Table ... rarely the sole cause ... #Differential #Causes
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
constipation, diarrhea, nausea ... ); nausea, vomiting ... patients sensitive to high ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... Intracellular Shift ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm
 • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation
 • Reconsider treatment leadingto
Hyperkalemia Management ... • Treat the cause ... Intracellular K+ Shift ... #Management #Algorithm ... treatment #potassium #high
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
associated with hypokalemia ... hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia ... - Shift from extracellular ... - Insulin (high ... diagnosis #nephrology #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... , asystole #hyperkalemia ... #potassium #high ... #diagnosis #management
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... Intracellular Shift ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high
Emergency Therapy of Hyperkalemia
Therapy - Dose and Route - Onset of Action - Duration of Effect
Emergency Therapy of Hyperkalemia ... Hemodialysis #Hyperkalemia ... #management #pharmacology ... #table #treatment
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... Liver Failure • Hypercalcemia ... Myasthenia Gravis Pharmacologic ... Malnutrition / Drug Addiction ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes