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differential causes algorithm nephrology management hyperkalemia low high classification pharmacology hypomagnesemia table foamed hypomg pathophysiology syndrome workup acidosis cardiology constipation
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... • Discontinued diuretic ... nephrology #low #potassium
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic step 2 = consider fludrocortisone step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... #hyperkalemia ... kaliuresis #management #criticalcare ... #treatment #diuretics ... #diuresis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal loss • Medication ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... Transcellular shift ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... function) - Loop diuretic ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts ... plasma insulin (treatment ... ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
caused by excess potassium ... intake, impaired potassium ... transcellular shifts ... renal function, medication ... dysfunction is common #Diagnosis
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 Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Increased Intake • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hyperkalemia
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
Medications for ... the Treatment of ... disturbances, shift ... Table 3 summarizes medications ... #Management #Medications
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 Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
creatinine) • Cell shift ... Urine Cl - Loop diuretics ... , Thiazide diuretics ... #urine #potassium ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Poor Intake - Starvation - Anorexia GI Losses - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Poor ... Urinary Losses - Diuretics ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Potassium
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