11 results
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Diagnosis
Clinical Features:
 • Altered mental status (Either lethargy, confusion, or
Syndrome (PRES) ... Altered mental status ... agitation) • Seizures ... Immunomodulatory meds ... #Neurology
Hypertension and Altered Mental Status (AMS) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hypertension:
 • Hypertensive emergency
 • Hypertensive encephalopathy
Altered Mental Status ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • PRES • Sympathetic ... compensatory HTN • Seizures ... #causes
Altered Mental Status - Differential Diagnosis
 • Neurologic: Stroke, Cerebral hypoxia, Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure, Trauma, TBI,
Altered Mental Status ... Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure ... Uremia, Hepatic encephalopathy ... Insomnia, HTN, PRES ... #Causes
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... the underlying cause ... : Treat with AEDs ... until cause identified ... #Reversible #Encephalopathy
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Movement disorders, Seizure ... Meningitis, Myelopathy, Encephalopathy ... Cerebrovascular Disease, PRES ... autoantibodies that will cause ... Secondary prevention (statin
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Algorithm Red ... Altered mental status ... fever, myalgia), seizures ... • Hypertensive encephalopathy ... #Algorithm #neurology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
• These shifts ... Post-operative state ... Rhabdomyolysis • Seizures ... syndrome • Wernicke encephalopathy ... #Differential #Diagnosis
The algorithm below shows how pre-test probability could be combined with various criteria to determine which
The algorithm below ... and lowers the seizure ... acyclovir to all encephalopathic ... HSV PCR would cause ... and immunologic status
Causes of Status Epilepticus in Adults
METABOLIC DISTURBANCES
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hypocalcemia
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
Uremia
INFECTIOUS PROCESSES
Central nervous system abscess
Encephalitis
Meningitis
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES
Alcohol
Antiepileptic drugs
Baclofen
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
CENTRAL
Causes of Status ... DISTURBANCES Hepatic encephalopathy ... #Epilepticus #Seizures ... #Differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... altered mental status ... Demyelinating disease caused ... rapidly progressive encephalopathy ... • VZV • HIV encephalopathy