15 results
diagnosis differential hypokalemia algorithm low management potassium high hyperkalemia syndrome drugs encephalopathy endocrinology gitelman hypermagnesemia hypomg hypophosphatemia kidney lowphosphate medications
Approach to Hypomagnesemia Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
intake, Gl loss, shift ... cells FEMg >4% = renal ... if renal function ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial: Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis Renal ... Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Renal Causes of ... Hypercalcemia, Post renal ... #nephrology #magnesium
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
Hypokalemia - Shift ... Extrarenal Laxatives - Renal ... pump inhibitor - Renal ... Antimicrobials Drug-induced renal ... #Causes #hypomg
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift • Recovery From DKA • Refeeding Syndrome • Acute Respiratory
Transcellular Shift ... Hypokalemia • Hypomagnesemia ... Increased Excretion - Renal ... : • Aluminum/Magnesium ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... steatorrhea) • Renal ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypermagnesemia - Diagnosis and Management Hypermagnesemia is a serum magnesium concentration > 2.6 mg/dL. Symptoms include hyporeflexia, hypotension,
Hypermagnesemia ... mortality in ICU Causes ... • Increased renal ... helpful in severe cases ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Intracellular Shift ... resistance Impaired Renal ... deficiency • Renal ... Type IV RTA • Renal ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... losses: • High Blood ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Intracellular Shift ... resistance Impaired Renal ... deficiency • Renal ... Type IV RTA • Renal ... potassium #high #nephrology
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