2022 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... Transcellular shifts ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... nephrology #low #potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm
 • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation
 • Reconsider treatment leadingto
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm ... and parenteral potassium ... Intracellular K+ Shift ... Hyperkalemia #Management #Algorithm ... #treatment #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #hyperkalemia #potassium ... diagnosis #management #algorithm
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... #differential #algorithm
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
disturbances, shift ... potassium into ... eliminate excess potassium ... reduce dietary potassium ... Figure 3 is an algorithm
Emergent Hyperkalemia Treatment Algorithm
ECG changes, weakness, K+ >6.5 Or renal insufficiency with K >5.5 with cellular
Hyperkalemia Treatment Algorithm ... cardiac membrane Shift ... treatment Remove potassium ... Hyperkalemia #Treatment #Algorithm
Evaluation and Management of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is often asymptomatic. Evaluation begins with a search for warning signs
transcellular shifts ... depletion impedes potassium ... Hypokalemia #Evaluation #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... potassium intracellularly ... Sodium bicarbonate Potassium ... Hyperkalemia #management #potassium