144 results
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia and Treatment
Membrane Stabilization
 - Calcium gluconate or chloride 
Redistribution
 - Insulin
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia ... and Treatment ... #Hyperkalemia #Treatment ... #Management #Diagnosis ... #ECG #EKG
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
• At least 3 different P wave morphologies: 
• Rate 100-180
• Irregular 
Etiology
hypertension Management ... • Oxygen • Treatment ... Cardiology #Diagnosis #ECG ... #EKG #Management
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... and ECG changes ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #algorithm #treatment
Checklist Approach to Hypokalemia

Consider risk factors for arrhythmia:
 - EKG changes (especially QT prolongation)
 - Digoxin
arrhythmia: - EKG ... their validity (e.g ... clinical context & EKG ... Enteral potassium ... #Hypokalemia #Management
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Osmotic diuretics (e.g ... Loop diuretic (e.g ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (e.g. ... nephron #diuretics #pharmacology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... potassium intracellularly ... #Hyperkalemia #management
Emergent Hyperkalemia Treatment Algorithm
ECG changes, weakness, K+ >6.5 Or renal insufficiency with K >5.5 with cellular
Algorithm ECG ... injury, etc) ECG ... cardiac membrane Shift ... Remove potassium ... #Algorithm #Management
REBEL Review 71: Treatment of Thyroid Storm 

Propranolol 
Esmolol 
Propylthiouracil (PTU) 
Methimazole 
Saturated Solution of Potassium
REBEL Review 71: Treatment ... Saturated Solution of Potassium ... hyperthyroidism #table #management ... #treatment #pharmacology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC ... shift of K (Succinylcholine ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Emergency Management ... - 6.4 mmol/L - Treatment ... clinical scenario, ECG ... Gluconate IV Shift ... #Hyperkalemia #management