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differential causes management nephrology potassium low criticalcare endocrinology foamed gitelman high hyperkalemia hypophosphatemia lowphosphate nutrition rhabdomyolysis signs summary symptoms
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... paralysis • Refeeding ... syndrome • Thyrotoxicosis ... Transcellular shifts
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shift ... Beta-Agonist - Refeeding ... Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome: - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... Metabolic Acidosis • Shift ... Constipation - MSK ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview What Is It? • Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... • These shifts ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift • Recovery From DKA • Refeeding Syndrome • Acute Respiratory
- Differential Diagnosis ... Shift • Recovery ... From DKA • Refeeding ... Syndrome • Acute ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Decreased ... Transcellular shift ... alkalemia • Refeeding ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm • IV calcium • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt • Consider
Algorithm • IV ... with narrow base, best ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... potassium #high #diagnosis ... #treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
- Differential Diagnosis ... iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Shift of extracellular ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Inherited (AR) hypokalemic ... acidosis (RTA)) • Refeeding ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
There are similarities and differences between these 3 conditions which all carry treatment implications. Each mimic
which all carry treatment ... watch out for Refeeding ... Syndrome. ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #management
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