14 results
Key Characteristics of Old and New Potassium-Binding Agents

- Dr. Edgar V. Lerma https://twitter.com/edgarvlermamd

#Potassium #Binding #KBinders #Kayexelate
of Old and New Potassium-Binding ... edgarvlermamd #Potassium ... KBinders #Kayexelate #Comparison ... #HyperKalemia #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... Fluids Shift potassium ... Sodium bicarbonate Potassium ... peaks 1-2h) • Blood ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Decreased renal potassium ... Drugs Increased potassium ... (oral/iv) • Potassium-rich ... diet • Blood ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Edema - ++++ Blood ... not occur Red blood ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Syndrome #Nephritic #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology
Intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH) - Subdural, Epidural, Subarachnoid Comparison

Subdural hematoma 
• Crescent-shaped 
• Blood collection between dura
, Subarachnoid Comparison ... Crescent-shaped • Blood ... lens) shaped • Blood ... #Subarachnoid #Comparison ... #Neurology #Diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... losses: • High Blood ... • Low/Normal Blood ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Crush injury • Blood ... • Recent IV potassium ... Blood transfusion ... diagnosis #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... effective arterial blood ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Crush injury • Blood ... • Recent IV potassium ... Blood transfusion ... diagnosis #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... 130 mEq/L • Potassium ... Can give with blood ... - Citrate in blood ... Normal #Saline #NS #comparison