18 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Beta-Agonist - Refeeding ... Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... causes #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Refeeding Syndrome ... weight loss - Low ... disturbances: low ... Syndrome #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Evaluation and Management of Hyperkalemia

As with hypokalemia, the immediate danger of hyperkalemia is its effect on
Evaluation and Management ... of Hyperkalemia ... As with hypokalemia ... efforts should focus ... The absence of symptoms
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Refeeding Syndrome ... overload) Other Symptoms ... abnormalities before refeeding ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis - Illness Script
 • Epidemiology: Asian men age 20-30 with hyperthyroidism of any
and menses • Pathophysiology ... thyroid hormone • Symptoms ... hours-days duration +/- symptoms ... Labs/lmaging: Hypokalemia ... +/- low TSH with
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
wasting crisis & hyperkalemia ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... : • Hyperkalemia ... • Early: decr feeding ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Inherited (AR) hypokalemic ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... acidosis (RTA)) • Refeeding ... diagnosis #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
To prevent hypokalemia ... produces them when low ... precipitant. 5) treat low ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
10,000 ft) • Symptoms ... Tachypnea, - Low-grade ... , hypotension, hypovolemia ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms