19 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
warriors") • Acute ... pre-determined etiology Signs ... TendonRupture #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... pathophysiology #msk
Pericarditis can be seen on EKG with diffuse ST elevations without reciprocal changes along with diffuse
in refractory cases ... #Acute #Pericarditis ... #Cardiology #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Typical symptoms ... More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... HF → no signs of
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
 • Neurologic: Headaches, Dizziness, Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré, Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia, Stroke
 • Renal:
of COVID-19 • Neurologic ... Stroke • Renal: Acute ... Myocardial ischemia, Acute ... Extrapulmonary #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... Long symptom-free ... signs or symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... granulomas within the lungs ... and progressive Acute ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... pathophysiology #causes ... #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis #msk
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... blood cells in the lung ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... - The classic signs