20 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
- Diabetes Insipidus ... Workup Step #1 ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... Urine Osmolarity 3) ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
• Drugs • Diabetic ... PHA type l/type 2 ... • Type 1 #Hyperkalemia ... #nephrology #potassium ... #differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Diagnosis Algorithm ... acidosis (type 1 ... of 2), Ureterosigmoidostomy ... , Diabetic ketoacidosis ... #potassium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... administration Step 3. ... • nephrotic syndrome
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Tumor lysis syndrome ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Increased K Intake: 1. ... Medications 2. ... K supplement 3.
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... Osmolality, Urine 1- ... 2 hrs post administration ... #nephrology #differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Tumor lysis syndrome ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Increased K Intake: 1. ... Medications 2. ... K supplement 3.
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... , Gitelman syndrome ... metabolic acidosis • Diabetic ... and potassium acid ... #nephrology #differential