8 results
diagnosis nephrology algorithm potassium causes chloride classification comparison distal gitelman hyperkalemia hyponatremia hypotonic lactated lr management metabolic normal ns pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low ... mineralocorticoid-like effect ... settings, the urine sodium ... the excretion of sodium ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... urinary losses: • High ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Metabolic acidosis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
- Protective effects ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... densa receives high ... blood flow and ... #pharmacology #effects
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis Distal RTA is the true Nephrogenic RTA and can be truly divided into
Distal Renal Tubular ... Acidosis Distal ... variants- the hypokalemic ... distal RTA - A high ... RTA #diagnosis #differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... • Normal or low ... (renal potassium ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... tubular acidosis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Sodium loss (diuretics ... diuresis can be high ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Acidosis B. ... the epithelial sodium ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #High
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