11 results
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
= (urine magnesium ... )/ [0.7 (serum magnesium ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential ... Magnesium, High ... Magnesium - Functional ... Hypocalcemia #Workup #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Hypomagnesemia #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... consumption • Low ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
unilateral; • Slow ... response to dark; • Slow ... Young females Differential ... #PhysicalExam #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Hypomagnesemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Ptosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Ptosis (Greek- to fall) Drooping of the upper eyelid that usually results
Ptosis - Differential ... Neurogenic Ptosis - Neurologic ... to the tarsal plate ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #ophthalmology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Gittelman's syndrome • Magnesium ... artery stenosis Low ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... very remarkable w/differential ... followed by long slow ... required +/- prompt ophthalmology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Potassium • Magnesium ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology