11 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... • 1ml blood/liter ... color change ... Hematuria: • Stone ... blood
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
and macropsia), color ... ) • Infection ( ... lesions (e.g. stroke ... #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... Color Red ... urinary tract infections ... urinary tract infection ... Discoloration #Differential
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... disease Red blood ... Urinary tract infections ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Heat injury, Heat stroke ... Statins - ETOH - Infection ... Muscle pain - Weakness ... UA positive for blood
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Approach to the differential ... content [85].2>5 red blood ... nervous system (stroke ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #nephrology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
onset of limb weakness ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... or hemorrhagic stroke ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... Tuberculosis #diagnosis #differential
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... Infections: - ... Blockage of the Blood ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Reversible course Differential ... Constipation, Seizures, Stroke ... elevated white blood ... the underlying cause
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... pulses, bruits, or blood ... affects the skin, neurologic ... Myalgia and muscle weakness ... tract, and often causes