21 results
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Retinoblastoma Signs / Symptoms ... partial retinal red reflex ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Person Syndrome Pathophysiology ... of superimposed spasms ... Person Syndrome Treatment ... Diagnosis #Management #treatment ... #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... wink test - reflex ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
bladder and rectal reflex ... Syndromes #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
- pupillary reflex ... Periorbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
MUSCULOSKELETAL:, Spasm ... Multiple Sclerosis Treatment ... objective evidence of neurologic ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #treatment #MS
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
diffuse light reflex ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook

Acute Idiopathic Unilateral Facial Nerve (CN7) Palsy
Presentation:
hearing loss, spasm ... presentation • Lyme Serology ... Imaging (if atypical symptoms ... Diagnosis #Management #Treatment ... #Neurology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
causing localized stasis ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... Treatment: • Plasmapheresis ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #neurology