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Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... Hyperreflexia - Muscle spasticity ... Sensory ataxia or spasticity ... Hyperreflexia • Spasticity ... diagnosis #neurology #differential
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
reflex, Clonus, Spasticity ... conditions listed in differential
Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) lesions are lesions occurring anywhere in the CNS from the brain up
form part of the differential ... hyperreflexia, spasticity
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... vs hypertonia (spasticity
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Flaccidity -> Spasticity ... management #neurology #differential
The inverted or paradoxical triceps reflex consists of flexion of the elbow in response to percussion
an element of spasticity
The clonus sustained in the ankle, which usually occurs in combination with a positive Babinski reflex,
reflex, means spasticity
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Dysfunction (pain, spasticity
Multiple masses
The differential diagnostic list of multiple masses is very long.
The most important diagnoses are listed
Multiple masses The differential ... is difficult to differentiate ... Multiple #Massess #Differential
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
of Chest Wall Elasticity ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential