11 results
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
Xerophthalmia - abnormal ... conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... : • Pathophysiology ... unless worrisome EKG ... #TLS #diagnosis
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... • Weakness: Starts ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... CSF PROTEIN - NORMAL ... #diagnosis #management
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Prednisone 5mg/kg ... 500 mg QD until normal ... #management #hematology
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
- Differential Diagnosis ... STE: "Pardee's sign ... segments and T waves should ... (Eiffel Tower sign ... #ekg #electrocardiogram
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
should alert you ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... Occasional sighs ... Abnormalities #Abnormal ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... (e.g. incidental ... ), liver (pain/abnormal ... #Management #Signs
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
Differential Diagnosis ... Non-autoimmune rheumatologic ... • Malar rash - spares ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis ... #Rheumatology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... purpura: Strong sign ... proximal muscles of shoulder ... fluid (CSF) is abnormal ... #Rheumatology
Scleroderma Renal Crisis (SRC)

Clinical Presentation of Scleroderma Renal Crisis:
1) Acute kidney injury
2) Abrupt onset of hypertension
3)
hypertension 3) Abnormal ... anemia (MAHA) Pathophysiology ... Initiate ACEi (short-acting ... Renal #Crisis #rheumatology ... #nephrology #diagnosis