10 results
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
Stress Fracture: ... micro-damage exceeds ability ... continued loading Stress ... #msk #orthopedics ... pathophysiology #symptoms #signs
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
fracture (spondylolysis ... S1 => Weakened stability ... XR — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... pathophysiology #signs
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
shearing injury -> Ligaments ... onto lateral hip Signs ... Complications: • Inability ... #msk #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs
Triquetral Fracture
The triquetrum is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone. Look for the "pooping duck
"pooping duck sign ... "pooping duck sign ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #Orthopedics #Sports ... #MSK
Scapholunate Dissociation
The spacing between all carpal bones should be 1-2 mm, look for the "Terry Thomas"
"Terry Thomas" sign ... ("Terry Thomas sign ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #Orthopedics #Sports ... #MSK
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE 
Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE ... elbow x-ray review alignment ... anterior sail sign ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Humeral Avulsion of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (HAGL)
 • Imaging Findings:
 • Large defect of the
Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament ... anterior shoulder instability ... BHAGL): Avulsion fracture ... GAGL): "Reverse J sign ... Radiology #diagnosis #msk
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
elbow x-ray review alignment ... anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
, complex = fracture ... can't make A-OK sign ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #Orthopedics #Sports ... #MSK
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
(@MarkRamzyDO, EM ... Hamilton, MD (EM ... Vital signs: BP ... will enhance your ability ... Due to their short