12 results
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Aluminum, Calcium, Potassium ... / Cauda Equina Injury ... • Hypercalcemia ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Trauma/Crush injury ... Medications 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia ... Compartment Syndrome, Medications ... Acute #Kidney #Injury ... #causes #algorithm
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Trauma/Crush injury ... Medications 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Loss of sodium/Potassium ... sweat Heat Injury ... Exhaustion: • Inability ... Irritability, Emotional instability ... Hypocalcemia - Hyperkalemia
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
rise or increased lability ... heart failure, neurologic ... or acute kidney injury ... Neurologic disorders ... Differential #Diagnosis #indications
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... , rhabdo/crush injury ... only if no clear cause ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Posterior Knee Dislocation Injury
Specifically, POSTERIOR KNEE DISLOCATIONS can have significant associated injury that needs unique approach
, POSTERIOR KNEE ... DISLOCATION: ~25% cases ... Neurologic deficit ... Neurologic injuries ... CLINICAL: instability
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... correcting serum potassium ... Other medications ... continued in most cases ... #nephrology
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Causes purpura & ... Related Acute Lung Injury ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... products contain potassium ... develop due to inability