14 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... XR — scotty dog sign ... vertebrae • CT ... MSK #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
, Cryptococcal pneumonia ... Aspergillus Pneumonia ... • CT: Halo sign ... - 20% of pneumonias ... Infections #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
this patient have pneumonia ... infiltrate (e.g., CXR, CT ... procalcitonin) - Pulmonary ... chest pain) and signs ... #Pneumonia #Venn
COVID-19 Patterns of Lung Findings on Chest CT
1. Reverse Halo Sign
2. ARDS
3. Crazy-Paving Pattern
4. Bilateral Peripheral
Findings on Chest CT ... Reverse Halo Sign ... Halo Sign 6. ... Organizing Pneumonia ... Patterns #Lung #Pulmonary
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... symptoms of active pulmonary ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... involvement - CT
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) - Diagnosis and Management

Pneumonia Signs/Symptoms:
 • Confusion/disorientation (LR + 1.9)
 • Cough
Community Acquired Pneumonia ... Management Pneumonia ... Signs/Symptoms: ... radiograph or CT ... Management #treatment #Pulmonary
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
Signs of immunodeficiency ... cell function -> Inability ... humoral immunity Signs ... e.g. bacterial pneumonia ... Agammaglobulinemia #XLinked #pathophysiology
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
compromise Clinical Signs ... be present or signs ... Pathophysiology: ... clostridium, klebsiella pneumoniae ... , specifically CT
Good example of 'shred sign' in a patient with fever, cough and shortness of breath. 

This
example of 'shred sign ... on CXR/CT imaging ... eabramsMD #Shred #sign ... #pneumonia #clinical ... ultrasound #lung #pulmonary
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
cause: Aspiration pneumonia ... for Klebsiella pneumonia ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... seen • Chest CT ... Lung #Abscess #pulmonary