45 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Hoffman's sign. Even in this specific case, accompanied by a clonus outline (rhythmic contractions). The median
Hoffman's sign. ... this specific case ... finger. 2) Ask ... #Hoffmanns #Sign ... Positive #Abnormal #clinical
Kussmaul's Sign and Friedreich's Sign on Neck Examination

A middle-aged M with unknown PMH presents with dyspnea.
Kussmaul's Sign ... and Friedreich's Sign ... Most likely diagnosis ... the underlying cause ... #Kussmauls #Sign
Froment’s Test for Ulnar Nerve Palsy

This tests for pinch grip weakness caused by ulnar nerve palsy,
grip weakness caused ... Froment's Sign is ... Jeanne’s sign is ... #Froments #Sign ... #physicalexam #msk
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... lumbar spine Signs ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... renal bruit or signs ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Tuberculosis - Diagnosis ... extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... tissue damage - CXR
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
Pathogenesis and clinical ... inflammation of middle ... mastoid cavity as middle ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
indicated, start CPR ... tube ❹ Rapid diagnosis ... • Diagnostic ... strategy. ❼ If clinically ... examination and vital signs
Summary table of common benign breast diseases and how to manage them. 
Fibroadenoma:
 • Most common
breast e.g. biopsy, car ... bruising/erythema/sign ... mastitis • Usually caused ... #differential #diagnosis ... #surgery #causes