11 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... Incontinence • Saddle ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
inflammation of middle ... 5: Extension of ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #otology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... anterior/posterior MSK ... erythema nodosum (extensor
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
Deficiency) - Diagnosis ... Psychiatric symptoms ... • Delusions Ocular ... nonimmune hemolysis MSK ... , or any other cause
Red Eye - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Redness in the eye can be caused by many conditions and
- Differential Diagnosis ... Episcleritis Ocular ... Questions to Ask ... Unilateral or bilateral symptoms ... rare: • End stage
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... side) Second Stage ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... stages #staging #msk
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
bone formation MSK ... remodeling of middle ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... the legs and the extensors ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... • Infectious causes
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Definition: • Coma: a state ... Differential Diagnosis ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... • Vestibulo-ocular ... decortication), abnormal extensor
Trigger Finger - Stenosing flexor tendon tenosynovitis

There is a change in the slip between the tendon
perform active extension ... The diagnosis is ... complemented with ultrasound ... Ultrasound can show ... tenosynovitis #msk