15 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Assess volume status ... • SIADH • hypothyroidism ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
than the normal volume-based ... algorithm Urine ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... or low Uosm), Hypothyroidism ... differential #diagnosis #table
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... in addition) of volume ... acid: - Urine sodium ... - Urine sodium ... #Differential #Algorithm
REBEL Review 71: Treatment of Thyroid Storm 

Propranolol 
Esmolol 
Propylthiouracil (PTU) 
Methimazole 
Saturated Solution of Potassium
Treatment of Thyroid Storm ... Lugol's Solution Sodium ... #thyroidstorm #hyperthyroidism ... #table #management
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Volume Based Approach ... to Hyponatremia ... acid <4 • SIADH, Hypothyroidism ... algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemic - Give volume ... CKD, Thiazides, Hypothyroidism ... diagnosis #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... Medications (diuretics), Hypothyroidism ... polydipsia, Low solute ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... ”) - Volume depletion ... Endocrinopathies - Hypothyroidism ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Table

 • Step 1: Correct for hyperglycemia. Corrected Na = [(glucose - 100)/
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Table ... Na (FeNa) • Volume ... MatthewHoMD #Hyponatremia ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... mechanism 2) Volume ... Diuretics, osmotic (solute ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium