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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Distress Syndrome ... leading to increased pulmonary ... Berlin criteria ... the underlying cause ... Diagnosis #Management #CriticalCare
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria ... Distress Syndrome ... lobar collapse, lung ... #Syndrome #Berlin ... Criteria #Diagnosis #CriticalCare
Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD)
Exposure-Related ILD (a.k.a. extrinsic allergic alveolitis): 
 • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Farmer's lung, Bird
ILD caused by inhalation ... pneumonia (DIP), Acute ... Churg Strauss syndrome ... Eosinophilic pneumonia: Acute ... #causes
Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Eosinophilia
Infection:
 • Helminthic: Loffler syndrome (Ascaris, hookworm, Strongyloides), Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (lymphatic
Helminthic: Loffler syndrome ... Crack cocaine, Heroin ... polyangiitis (EGPA, Churg-Strauss ... • Idiopathic: Acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Effect of Lung Recruitment and Titrated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) vs Low PEEP on Mortality in
Patients With Acute ... Syndrome JAMA ... increased 28-day all-cause ... Postoperative #Pulmonary ... #CriticalCare
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
• Diffuse Lung ... Disease • Acute ... Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome ... • Chronic Lung Infection
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Pulmonary Pathology ... pleura in severe cases ... the severity Acute ... Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome (ARDS)
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Causes include: ... respiratory distress ... syndrome (ARDS) ... lung injury (TRALI ... edema (Traumatic brain
Concurrent Brain and Lung Lesions
 • Bacteria: Nocardia spp, Strep anginosus, Staph aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae (hypervirulent),
and Lung Lesions ... Nocardia spp, Strep ... hypervirulent), Lemierre's syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes ... #infectiousdiseases
Concurrent Brain and Lung Lesions
 • Bacteria: Nocardia spp, Strep anginosus, Staph aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae (hypervirulent),
and Lung Lesions ... Nocardia spp, Strep ... hypervirulent), Lemierre's syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes ... #infectiousdiseases