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Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Acute or chronic ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... or restrictive lung
Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
Alkalosis
A. Central nervous system stimulation: Pain, Anxiety, psychosis, Fever, Cerebrovascular accident,
Differential Diagnosis ... of Respiratory Acid-Base ... receptors: Hemothorax, Flail ... chest, Cardiac ... syndrome, Barotrauma
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
bronchograms (atelectasis has ... the severity Acute ... Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome (ARDS) ... #differential #
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Distress Syndrome ... ARDS: Clinical Cheat ... leading to increased pulmonary ... consistent with pulmonary ... clear cause such as
Upper Lobe Lung Diseases - STAR CHASERS Mnemonic

S - Silicosis
T - Tuberculosis
A - Ankylosing Spondylitis
R -
• ↑ Mechanical stress ... caused by a rigid chest ... edema in acute ... Increased mechanical stress ... #diseases #differential
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria for Acute ... Syndrome (ARDS) ... be present on a chest ... lobar collapse, lung ... must be present, as
Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme present in tissues throughout
Dehydrogenase (LDH) - Differential ... the serum that has ... anemia, folic acid ... Legionnaires disease • Pulmonary ... hepatitis • Acute
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
disease, pleuritic chest ... and metabolic acidosis ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... Breathing #Patterns #Pulmonary ... Abnormal #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
pleural effusions • Acute ... toxicity (e.g., acute ... respiratory distress ... syndrome) is rare ... Pleuritic chest