13 results
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Diuretic Electrolyte ... Excretion Effects Diuresis ... Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2 ... Acid - Thiazide Type ... #pharmacology #comparison
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... ) 4) Thiazides-type ... diuretics (e.g. ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... #pharmacology #nephrology
Pharmacokinetics of commonly used diuretics medications in CKD, Cirrhotic Ascites, and Heart Failure
 • Furosemide
 •
commonly used diuretics ... medications in CKD ... Spironolactone MCW Nephrology ... MCW_Nephrology #diuretics ... Pharmacokinetics #halflife #comparison
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
tubular acidosis (type ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... • K sparing diuretics ... • Recent IV potassium ... Failure • SLE • Type ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Thiazide or loop diuretics ... after renal tubule diuretic ... syndrome (11-ß HSD type ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia: • CKD ... • K sparing diuretics ... • Recent IV potassium ... Failure • SLE • Type ... #high #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Proximal RTA (type ... (classic) RTA (type ... Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (amiloride ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
G-K), K-sparing diuretics ... Aldosterone, RTA Type ... Calcium 2-3g IV Ca-gluconate ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... concentration can ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology