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Clinical Management for Three Common Causes of Shock 
HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK
 • Ensure adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
Clinical Management ... provide oxygen and positive ... pressure (PEEP) for pulmonary ... edema ... #Shock #Management
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... venous pressure, positive ... bilateral pleural effusions ... heartfailure #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology #pharmacology
RV Strain in Pulmonary Embolism on POCUS Echocardiogram

A patient is brought by EMS intubated and hypotensive.
RV Strain in Pulmonary ... Embolism on POCUS ... your next step in management ... Echocardiogram #clinical ... #ultrasound #DSign
Constrictive Pericarditis on Echocardiogram
A 55-year-old female marathon runner presents to clinic w/ 6-months of worsening breathlessness
ASA, Kussmaul's sign ... , marked pedal edema ... circumferential pericardial effusion ... Echocardiogram #a4c #pocus ... #clinical #cardiology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
Signs of poor perfusion ... with presence of pulmonary ... edema (“B-lines ... differential #algorithm #management ... #cardiology #treatment
McConnell's Sign on POCUS Echocardiogram - PSAX
Positive McConnell's Sign (hypokinetic RV with apical sparing) indicates acute
on POCUS Echocardiogram ... - PSAX Positive ... highly specific for pulmonary ... #PSAX #clinical ... #cardiology #labeled
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
space (pleural effusion ... supine or erect position ... left decubitus position ... The following signs ... #Clinical #Radiology
Pneumopericardium on POCUS Echocardiogram

This 70yo male presents with sob. He is in a left lateral decub
Pneumopericardium on POCUS ... lateral decub position ... , no signs of tamponade ... Echocardiogram #clinical ... #cardiology #pericardial
On the left a patient with CHF. 
There is an increase in heart size compared to
Other signs of CHF ... redistribution of pulmonary ... , interstitial edema ... magnification and high position ... #Clinical #Radiology
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
Pertinent positives ... Vital signs: BP ... This patient’s clinical ... exam findings and clinical ... This post will focus