14 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... • Burns • ICU ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
The rationale for aggressive treatment of generalized status epilepticus was described previously here.  In short,
In short, best outcomes ... cause aspiration, hyperkalemia ... #Management #Neurology ... #CriticalCare # ... Refractory #Seizures #Algorithm
Hypokalemia Diagnostic Algorithm
To assess potassium excretion: perform 24-hour urine collection or alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ratio on
Hypokalemia Diagnostic ... Algorithm To assess ... potassium-to-creatinine ratio on a spot ... #Hypokalemia #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Pain, Agitation, and Delirium (PAD) in the ICU
Addressing the ICU Triad (PAD) can be accomplished through
Total scores >2 ... due to short half-life ... Can give in low ... #CriticalCare # ... diagnosis #management
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
mental status and low ... patient causing hypovolemia ... #algorithm #management ... heartfailure #chf #criticalcare ... #icu #clinical
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
must now lose a ... the ECF causes Hyperkalemia ... reduces renal blood flow ... #foamed #criticalcare ... #management #diagnosis