6 results
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
• CD4 < 200: PCP ... failure, COPD, Lung ... Fungal, AFB), TB PCR ... sputum, PCP DFA ... diagnosis #evaluation #differential
Etiologies of pulmonary infections according to CT-scan patterns. 
CMV cytomegalovirus, GM galactomannan, HSV herpes simplex virus,
Etiologies of pulmonary infections ... immunofluorescence, PCR ... Patterns #Pulmonary #Lung ... #Infections #ComputedTomography ... #Differential #
Acute Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis Framework
1)  Diagnostic studies only for dysentery, severe disease, >7 days
2)
Acute Diarrhea - Differential ... disease, >7 days 2) PCR ... Astrovirus • Bacterial ... Acute #Diarrhea #Differential ... NonInfectious #Algorithm
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... lesions • 80% with lung ... multiple lesions Infectious ... : • Bacterial ... Lesions #Brain #differential
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
polymicrobial infection ... Clindamycin in case of PCN ... Pathogens: • Aerobic Bacteria ... • Anaerobic Bacteria ... Abscess Differential
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan and Galactomannan Testing Sensitivity Specificity and False Positives
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan
 • Cell wall component of many fungi
Other +s: PCP, Histo ... surfaces, Albumin, Infections ... with certain bacteria ... in BAL does not differentiate ... result in + as long