6 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
), Spontaneous rupture ... rupture • Papillary ... Papillary muscle rupture ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes #primary
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... • Infection with ... special media) • Infection ... - Standard culture ... #diagnosis #differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Culture (+): ... staphylococci Culture ... that may lead to infarction ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Culture Positive ... staphylococci Culture ... that may lead to infarction ... Diagnosis #cardiology ... #infectiousdiseases
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... MV chordae may rupture ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Cardiology
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
• Confirmed by culture ... : • Culture of ... arthritis, and endocarditis ... #InfectiousDiseases ... #Management #Infections