7 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
), Spontaneous rupture ... infarction, Tendineae rupture ... Papillary muscle rupture ... #differential # ... diagnosis #cardiology
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Chordae Tendinae • Rupture ... • Infarct • Rupture ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
• Additional culture ... heart failure • Myocardial ... Obtain single blood culture ... worsening valve function ... #criticalcare #diagnosis
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
90% of IE cases Culture ... staphylococci Culture ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... MV chordae may rupture ... laterally from myocardial ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
90% of IE cases Culture ... staphylococci Culture ... hematuria, + RF Treatment ... Diagnosis #cardiology ... #infectiousdiseases
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
Differential Diagnosis ... recommend against future ... • During a future ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology #treatment