17 results
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Pathogenesis and clinical ... partial retinal red reflex ... inflammation • Spheroid mass ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis on Physical Exam

A 41yo female was referred by her neurologist for double vision.
Her clinical exam ... about difficulty swallowing ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #video #ophthalmology ... #neurology
Seesaw Nystagmus 

Sawtooth or seesaw nystagmus is an unusual but characteristic type of nystagmus. Typically there
mesodiencephalic mass ... vertical vestibulo-ocular ... reflex. ... #physicalexam #clinical ... #video #ophthalmology
Ptosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Ptosis (Greek- to fall) Drooping of the upper eyelid that usually results
think about three clinical ... Neurogenic Ptosis - Neurologic ... impaired due to the mass ... Syndrome #Ptosis #neurology ... Differential #Diagnosis #ophthalmology
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... normal: - extra-ocular ... - pupillary reflex ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Symptom | Diagnosis
• Solid-food dysphagia present for months to years | Mechanical
Diagnosis Framework Symptom ... esophagus: Mediastinal mass ... • Muscular or neurologic ... Can initiate the swallowing ... Differential #Diagnosis #Management
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management ... #signs #symptoms
Marcus-Gunn Pupil - Pupillary dilation in response to light on the left eye and a preserved
Pupil #Pupillary #reflex ... #clinical #video ... #ocular #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm Clinical ... • Neurologic ... symptoms suggest ... a mass as the cause ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
with speech and swallowing ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology ... #diagnosis #management